The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.